Explore ECED-FLN Policy Documents

Browse ECED-FLN reports, policy papers, and resources from across Africa.

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PDF 2022
Equipping Teachers to Improve Foundational Learning Across Africa

This document examines the critical need for effective teacher professional development to improve foundational literacy and numeracy outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. It highlights key evidence-based strategies, such as practical training, structured pedagogy, teaching to student learning levels, and peer-to-peer professional learning communities.

PDF 2021
Attrition in Randomized Control Trials: Evidence from Early Education Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa

This working paper examines the determinants and consequences of survey attrition in longitudinal randomized controlled trials for early reading interventions in Zambia, Ethiopia, and South Africa. It analyzes how baseline student characteristics correlate with attrition and evaluates methods like inverse probability weighting to address sample loss in foundational learning research.

PDF 2021
Classroom Management: Scheduling, Discipline, and Communication in Teaching

This article explores key components of classroom management—specifically scheduling, discipline, and communication—and their impact on student learning, behavior, and teacher effectiveness in educational environments.

PDF 2021
Scale Toolkit: Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (MEL) Framework

This toolkit provides a structured framework for monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) applied to education projects, featuring an example on foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN) teacher coaching in Kenya.

PDF 2020
Structured Pedagogy: For Real-Time Equitable Improvement in Learning Outcomes

This UNICEF working paper outlines a structured pedagogy framework designed to improve foundational literacy and numeracy outcomes at scale across Eastern and Southern Africa. It provides regional case studies and evidence-based strategies for tackling the learning crisis.

PDF 2017
Letter Recognition Assessment Individual Record

An individual assessment record sheet for evaluating uppercase and lowercase letter recognition, phonics, and word analysis skills in young children.

PDF 2011
Handbook of African Educational Theories and Practices: A Generative Teacher Education Curriculum

This comprehensive handbook explores African educational philosophies, child development, and pedagogical approaches. It features dedicated sections on early childhood development, learning theories, and culturally grounded teaching practices across the continent.

PDF 2008
Family Literacy: Experiences from Africa and Around the World

This edited volume explores family and intergenerational literacy programs across various African nations and international contexts. It highlights how combining adult and early childhood learning fosters foundational literacy and lifelong learning.

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Evaluation of Activity-Based Learning as a Means of Child-Friendly Education

This final report evaluates activity-based learning (ABL) methodologies as an approach to child-friendly education. It examines implementation models, effectiveness, impact, and sustainability to support foundational learning and pedagogy.

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Foundational Phonological and Phonemic Awareness: The Foundation of Early Reading Success

This document outlines evidence-based practices for teaching phonological and phonemic awareness to support early reading success, decoding, and literacy development. It highlights explicit instruction, multimodal techniques, and targeted strategies for diverse learners.

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Guide to Identifying and Helping Pupils with Learning Difficulties and Special Educational Needs (SEN)

This practical guide developed by the Rwanda Education Board helps teachers identify and support primary school pupils with learning difficulties and special educational needs, focusing on foundational skills in early grades.

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Foundational Learning in Kenya: Quality of Foundational Teaching Behavior and Pedagogical Approaches

This APHRC research report investigates foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN) teaching behaviors, pedagogical approaches, and classroom decision-making drivers in Kenyan primary schools. It provides evidence on teacher practices, school characteristics, and instructional legacies to improve early learning outcomes.